Jordan
Indice degli argomenti
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The strategy focuses on building a resilient sector based on a unified approach for a comprehensive social, economic and environmentally viable water sector development. It proposes a policy-driven implementation plan that ensures coordination and integration of their efforts, based on individual and collective accountability and efficiency in their respective roles and responsibilities. Linking water scarcity with water security - and perhaps national security, puts a heavy responsibility for all custodians of water in the Kingdom. The increased use of non-conventional water is included in the strategy, by emphasizing desalination to meet shortfalls in freshwater availability and wastewater reuse.
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This strategy has been drawn up in accordance with the Environmental Protection Law No. (6) of 2017, to serve as the executive arm of the legislation which provides the appropriate legislative umbrella to issue various detailed bylaws and regulations related to the protection of the environment and its components. The law aims to preserve the environment and biological diversity, prevent pollution and reduce the adverse impacts of harmful activities.
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Reclaimed water as a non-conventional water resource is one of the most important measures that have been considered to meet the increasing water demand of the growing population and industrialization. Over 64% of the Jordanian population is connected to sewerage system and raw wastewater is discharged to 26 wastewater treatment plants to be treated for minimum discharge standards and reuse requirements stated in the JS 893/2006. With the current emphasis on environmental health and water pollution issues, there is an increasing awareness of the need to dispose wastewater safely and beneficially. Jordan experience in quality aspects of reclaimed water and standards gives an excellent example of how developing countries can proceed forward and take full advantage of reclaimed wastewater as a valuable resource depending on numerical standards for intensive monitoring, control and legal enforcement
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A Compendium for Designers, Authorities and Practitioners
Developed in the framework of the "Decentralized Wastewater Management for Adaptation to Climate Change in Jordan (ACC Project), commissioned by German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and implemented by GIZ in partnership with the Ministry of Water and Irrigation, this background report provides contextual as well as historical information that helps to understand the existing environment for wastewater management in Jordan. It also helps to position wastewater and treated wastewater use in the wider frame of adaption to climate change. The document highlights the main relevant issues that govern adaptation of water and wastewater systems as well as water and wastewater infrastructures to climate change. A detailed discussion of how wastewater management was developed over the past decades in the kingdom and the governing regulatory frame is introduced. An overview is given on how the already developed policies, strategies and regulations related to wastewater management are implemented. The recently developed policies are presented including the decentralized wastewater management policy and the way forward is being suggested. -
The document is an integral part of the National Water Strategy, related policies and action plans. The scope of this Policy is broad, reflecting the wide spectrum of decentralized wastewater management and the many tasks to be performed for successful implementation and sustainable operation. In light of an integrated water resources management approach, this Policy is carefully formulated taking comprehensive account of regulation, standards, and inter-sectorial responsibilities while maintaining the imperative of the protection of public health and water resources. Involvement is the core principle underlying this Policy: The involvement of all concerned Government Sectors in developing this Policy, the involvement of communities in planning and implementing local wastewater solutions, and the involvement of the private sector in investment and operation and maintenance of decentralized wastewater management infrastructure.
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In Jordan, complete sets of regulations, standards and policies have been issued and enforced to regulate the utilization of treated wastewater and to minimize the public health risks and environmental pollution that may be associated with its reuse. This includes the reclaimed domestic wastewater standard JS 893/2006, Water Substitution and Reuse Policy, Water Reallocation Policy and Decentralized Wastewater Management Policy. All of the mentioned policies were issued as a complement to the National Water Strategy 2016–2025, which emphasizes the need to deal with treated wastewater as a component within an integrated water-resource-management framework.